8. Vertical transmission may be seen in
A.Hepatitis B virus
B.Hepatitis C virus
C.Hepatitis D virus
D.All of these

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9. Which of the following viral infections can result in chronic carrier state?
A.HBV
B.HCV
C.HDV
D.All of these

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10. Most reliable test for detection of hepatitis E infection is
A.ELISA test for IgM anti-HEV
B.Western blot assay for IgM anti-HEV
C.Polymerase chain reaction for detection of HEV RNA
D.ELISA test for IgG anti-HEV

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11. Hepatocellular carcinoma (Hepatoma) may be caused by
A.Hepatitis A virus
B.Hepatitis C virus
C.Both (a) and (b)
D.None of these

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12. The defective satellite virus is
A.hepatitis B
B.hepatitis C
C.hepatitis D
D.hepatitis A

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13. All of the following viruses are enveloped except
A.Hepatitis A virus
B.Hepatitis B virus
C.Hepatitis C virus
D.Hepatitis D virus

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14.  The diagnosis of hepatitis A virus infection is carried out from the method based on
A.aminotransferase levels
B.detection of faecal HAV by immunoelectron microscopy
C.both (a) and (b)
D.detection of IgM anti-HAV by ELISA

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