Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing.
Toughness is the amount of energy per unit volume that a material can absorb before rupturing.
Cast iron is a ferrous alloy which has more than 2% carbon in it. Though it can have any percentage of carbon between 2% to 6.67%, but practically it is in between 2% to 4% only.
In a hardening process, the hypo-eutectoid steel is Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
209. Tungsten when added to steel __________ the critical temperature.
