Solution:
Climate influences the rate of weathering and humus in soil formation. Although amount of humus content depends on flora and fauna but rate of formation also depends upon climate. Weathering also is a insitu degradation of rocks due to erosional agents such as air, water and ice.

Solution:
As we move away from the equator insolation decreases which leads to decrease in temperature hence rainfall also decreases. Temperature & rainfall are two pillers of climate thus option (A) is correct.

Solution:
The temperature decreases towards poles, because the sun rays falling per unit area are less at poles. The amount of insolation received on the earth’s surface is not uniform everywhere. It varies according to the place and time. When the tropical regions receive maximum annual insolation, it gradually decreases towards the poles. Insolation is more in summers and less in winters.

Solution:
Drizzling characteristics is NOT found in the convectional rainfall. Drizzle consists of very small raindrops, larger than cloud droplets, but smaller than normal raindrops. It usually occurs when updrafts in clouds are not quite strong enough to produce rain.

Solution:
The Mediterranean lands are' often called the World's Orchard lands. Mediterranean regions are known as the 'orchards of the world' because of their fruit cultivation. The trees in this region adapt themselves to the dry summers with the help of their thick barks and wax coated leaves which reduce transpiration.

Solution:
Any type of rainfall has ascent of air leading to cooling and condensation. water becomes precipitation, which is water falling from the clouds as rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail.

Solution:
ITCZ i.e. Inter Tropical Convergence Zone is a low pressure belt generally near the equator. As trade winds converge in this zone and it is relatively a calm zone it is also known as doldrum.