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The development of a bare area without any life form is called Nudation.

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Scientists are able to determine the air temperature in the thermosphere by observing changes in satellite orbits.

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Biomass is essentially stored solar energy that can be converted in to electricity, fuel and heat.

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Phosphorus cycle is a sedimentary biogeochemical cycle. It describes the lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere and the main reservoir pool is lithosphere.

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Drinking of fluoride containing water results to fluorosis.

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The best way to check soil erosion is by providing adequate trees and grass cover.

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Allopatric is the species that occur in different geographical regions separated by special barriers.