48. For a standard X-band waveguide of cross-sectional dimension 2.286 cm x 1.016 cm, the cut-off wavelength for a TEio mode is ___ cm.
49. The signal delay caused when a wave travels a distance Z metres through a hollow wave guide is where VPh' V and Vo represent phase gr velocity, group velocity and free space velocity (m/sec) respectively. given by
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