113.  A soil mass is said to be in plastic equilibrium if
A. t is stressed to maximum
B. it is on the verge of failure
C. it is in plastic stage
D. it starts flowing

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114.  In active state of plastic equilibrium in a non cohesive soil with horizontal ground surface
A. major principal stress is horizontal
B. minor principal stress is vertical
C. major principal stress is vertical
D. minor and major principal stresses are equally inclined to horizontal.

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115. In non-cohesive soil in passive state of plastic equilibrium
A. major principal stress is horizontal
B. minor principal stress is vertical
C. major principal stress is vertical
D. minor and major principal stresses are equally inclined to the horizontal.

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116. A failure wedge develops if a retaining wall
A. moves away from the backfill
B. moves towards the backfill
C. sinks downwards
D. stresses equally by vertical and horizontal forces.

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117. Rankine's theory of active earth pressure assumes
A. soil mass is homogeneous, dry and cohesionless
B. ground surface is a plane which may be horizontal or inclined
C. back of the wall is vertical and smooth
D. all the above.

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118.  If the back fill is hairing a uniform surcharge of intensity q per unit area, the lateral pressure will be
A. q times the lateral pressure within the surface
B. 1/q times the lateral pressure within the surface
C. equal to a fill of height Z equal to q I r, where r is the density of the backfill
D. none of these.

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119. Back fill with a sloping surface exerts a total active pressure Pa on the wall of height H and acts at
A. H/4 above the base parallel to base
B. HI2 above the base parallel to base
C. 1113 above the base parallel to base
D../1/5 above the base parallel to base.

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