43. Bending of rail ends due to loose packing under a joint and loose fish Bolts, is known
A. buckling
B. hogging
C. creeping
D. none of these.

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44.  The rails get out of their original positions due to insufficient expansion gap. This phenomenon is known
A. hogging
B. buckling
C. creeping
D. none of these.

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45.  Pick up the incorrect statement from the following :
A. Sleepers hold the rails at proper gauge on straights
B. Sleepers provide stability to the permanent way
C. Sleepers act as an elastic cushion between rails and ballast
D. None of the these.

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46. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following :
A. Sleepers transfer the load of moving locomotive to the girders of the bridges
B. Sleepers act as a non-elastic medium bet-ween the rails and ballast
C. Sleepers hold the rails at 1 in 20 tilt inward
D. Sleepers hold the rails loose on curve.

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47.  The main function of sleepers, is
A. to support rails
B. to hold rails at correct gauge
C. to distribute load from the rails to ballast
D. all the above.

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48.  The factor for deciding the type of sleeper, is
A. easy fixing and removal of rails
B. provision of sufficient bearing area for rails
C. initial and maintenance costs
D. all the above.

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49.  Regional Indian railways use different types of sleepers according to their
A. availability
B. economy
C. suitability
D. all the above.

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